Department of Psychology

• Ph.D. in Counselling Psychology, Arizona State University
• M.A. in Counselling Psychology, Beijing Normal University
• Bachelor, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Career Development, Psychotherapy Science, Psychotherapy in an international context

• Division 17 Counseling Psychology Grant, American Psychological Foundation
• Bruce and Jane Walsh Grant in Memory of John Holland, American Psychological Foundation

Associate Editor:Journal of Vocational Behavior

Peer-reviewed articles

Xu, H., & Flores, L. Y. (in press). A Process Model of Career Decision-Making and Adaptation under Uncertainty: Expanding the Dual-Process Theory of Career Decision-Making. Journal of Career Assessment.

Xu, H. (in press). Development and Initial Validation of the Career Decision-Making Ambiguity Scale. Journal of Career Assessment.

Xu, H. (in press). Viewing the Joint Operation of Five Major Decision Difficulties Within the Dual-Process Theory of Career Decision-Making. Journal of Career Assessment.

Xu, H., *Suh, J., & *Liu, H. (in press). The factor structure of career indecision in China and South Korea: A data-driven exploration. Current Psychology.

Xu, H. (in press). Facilitating International Research on Career Indecision: Developing Career Indecision Profile-Short-5 in China and the U.S. Journal of Career Assessment.

Xu, H., & Savickas, M. L. (2022). Development and Initial Validation of the Job-Search Self-Regulation Scale: Expanding the Career Adaptation Model of Job Search. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 69(5), 602–613. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000609

Xu, H. (2022). The roles of between- and within-person self-knowledge in career decision-making. The Career Development Quarterly, 70(1), 67-78. http://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12282

Xu, H., & Flores, L. Y. (2022). Facilitating the professional development of international counseling psychology students: Introduction to special issue. The Counseling Psychologist, 50(6), 746-750. http://doi.org/10.1177/00110000221092684

Xu, H. (2021). Self-control in career decision-making: The roles of the hot and cool systems of gratification delay. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 131, 103652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2021.103652

Xu, H. (2021). Understanding the Dysfunctionality of Dysfunctional Career Decision-Making Beliefs: Ambiguity Aversion as a General Mechanism. Journal of Career Assessment, 30(2), 221-237. https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727211036887

Xu, H. (2021). Career decision-making in an uncertain world: A dual-process framework. Current Psychology. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01746-z

Xu, H. (2021). Career decision-making from a dual-process perspective: Looking back, looking forward. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 126, 103556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2021.103556

Xu, H. (2021). Childhood Environmental Adversity and Career Decision-Making Difficulty: A Life History Theory Perspective. Journal of Career Assessment, 29(2), 221-238. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072720940978

Yin, M., Aoki, K., Liao, K., & Xu, H. (2021). An Exploration on the Attachment, Acculturation and Psychosocial Adjustment of Chinese International Students in Japan. Journal of International Students, 11(1), 176-194. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v11i1.1454

Xu, H. (2020). Incremental validity of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale total score over general self-efficacy. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, 103425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103425

Xu, H., & *Li, H. (2020). Operationalize Interest Congruence: A Comparative Examination of Four Approaches. Journal of Career Assessment, 28(4), 571-588. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072720909825

Xu, H., & Yin, M. (2020). The roles of time discounting and delay of gratification in career outcomes. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 67(6), 747-754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000421

Flückiger, C., Rubel, J., Re, A. D., Horvath, A. O., Wampold, B. E., Crits-Christoph, P., . . . Xu, H., Zilcha-Mano, S., Barber, J. P. (2020). The reciprocal relationship between alliance and early treatment symptoms: A two-stage individual participant data meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 88(9),829-843. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000594

Xu, H. (2020). Big Five Personality Traits and Ambiguity Management in Career Decision Making. Career Development Quarterly. 68(2), 158-172. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12220

Xu, H., & *Adams, P. (2020). Ambiguity Aversion in Career Decision-Making: Its Longitudinal Prediction for College Career Outcomes. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 67, 232-240. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000379

Xu, H. (2020). Development and Initial Validation of the Constructivist Beliefs in the Career Decision-Making Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 28, 303-319. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072719845668

Xu, H. (2020). Career indecision profile-short: Reliability and validity among employees and measurement invariance across students and employees. Journal of Career Assessment, 28, 91-108. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072719831975

Xu, H. (2020). The ripple prediction of ambiguity aversion in career decision-making. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 67, 123-131. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000354

Wang, D., Jia, Y., Hou, Z.-J., Xu, H., Zhang, H., & Guo, X.-L. (2019). A test of psychology of working theory among Chinese urban workers: Examining predictors and outcomes of decent work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 115, 103325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103325

Xu, H., & *Bhang, C. H. (2019). The Structure and Measurement of Career Indecision: A Critical Review. Career Development Quarterly, 67, 2-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12159

Xu, H. (2018). The Role of Cultural Congruence in Psychotherapy Efficacy: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis in China. The Behavioral Mind: A Journal of Personality Disorders, 1, 137-160.

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2017). The Reciprocal Dynamic Model of Career Decision Ambiguity Tolerance with Career Indecision: A Longitudinal Three-wave Investigation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 64, 538-549. http://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000220

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2017). Use of Multi-group Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Examining Measurement Invariance in Counseling Psychology Research. European Journal of Counseling Psychology, 6, 75-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.2041

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2017). Career Decision Ambiguity Tolerance and Its Relations with Adherence to RIASEC Structure and Calling. Journal of Career Assessment, 25, 715-730. http://doi.org/10.1177/1069072716665874

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2017). Development of an Abbreviated Career Indecision Profile-65 Using Item Response Theory: The CIP-Short. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62, 351-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000182

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2016). Cultural Congruence with Psychotherapy Efficacy: A Network Meta-Analytic Examination in China. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63, 359-365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000145

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2016). Stability and change in interests: A longitudinal examination of grades 7 through college. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 93, 129-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.02.002

Xu, H., Hou, Z., Tracey, T. J. G., & Zhang, X. (2016). Variations of career decision ambiguity tolerance between China and the United States and between high school and college. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 93, 120-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.01.007

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2015). Reciprocal Influence Model of Working Alliance and Therapeutic Outcome over Individual Therapy Course. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62, 351-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000089

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2015). Ambiguity Tolerance with Career Indecision: An Examination of the Mediation Effect of Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy. Journal of Career Assessment, 23, 519-532. http://doi.org/10.1177/1069072714553073

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2015). Career Decision Ambiguity Tolerance Scale: Construction and Initial Validations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 88, 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.01.006

Xu, H., Wang, D., & Hou, Z. (2014). Technology in Counseling: Application and Ethics Considerations. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 22, 752-755.

Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2014). The Role of Ambiguity Tolerance in Career Decision Making. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85, 18-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.04.001

Xu, H., Hou, Z., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2014). Relation of Environmental and Self Career Exploration with Career Decision-making Difficulties in Chinese Students. Journal of Career Assessment, 22, 654-665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069072713515628

Hou, Z., Leung, S. A., Li, X., Li, X., & Xu, H. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale—China Form: Construction and initial validation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 686-691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.006

Xu, H., Hou, Z., & Huang, Y. (2011). Empathy and Genuine: Content Analysis of Three Cases Conducted by Carl Rogers in Different Phases. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 19, 265-267.

Xu, H., & Hou, Z. (2010). Status Quo and Prospect of Research about Novice Counselors. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 24, 638-642.

Book Chapter:

Xu, H. (2023). Vocational interests: Conceptual issues, research findings, and practical implications. In B. Walsh, L. Flores, P. Hartung, F. Leong, & M. Savickas (Eds.), Career Psychology. American Psychological Association.